Prenatal Drug Screening: Understanding Tox Testing & Legal Implications

Question
I have been a recreational marijuana user for most of my adult life - I am a responsible professional who does not engage in any other "risk taking" behavior. I do not drink alcohol, smoke cigarettes, etc. I recently found out I am pregnant & have read in several places that if I tell my doctor about my substance use in the past it would lead her to require tox. testing for me & the baby when I deliver - how accurate is this or are their other factors that would prompt this type of testing upon delivery

Answer
Dear Felecia,

The question of concern would be whether you have engaged in marijuana use anywhere close to the time of the pregnancy. If you have, there would be an obligation to make sure there had been no ill effects to the pregnancy/baby.

Research has shown that children of chronic (long-term) marijuana users tend to have problems with short-term memory, concentration, and judgment. Smoking marijuana during pregnancy may affect the growth and the development of the baby's nervous system. Children who were exposed to marijuana throughout pregnancy also tend to have problems focusing their attention and solving problems.

Another concern with marijuana use during pregnancy is that one never knows whether what they are smoking has been laced with another drug or contaminated with any chemical which could cause harm to the baby or pose a risk of birth defects. And TYPICALLY (not saying you) one who uses marijuana without concern will often smoke tobacco and use alcohol without hesitation as well. These substances will increase the risk of complications. This is why it tends to be a policy with many doctor/facilities to run tox screens.

As to whether they will run a toxicology screen - that is unknown and depends upon the facility, the routine orders of the doctor involved, and the suspicions of those involved in your care. However, typically the questions asked are pretty specific as to the proximity of use to the pregnancy and regular or "chronic" use. These would be red flags for them.

I hope this has helped you and answered your question. I wish you well.

Brenda