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IUD Side Effects & Concerns: Bleeding Changes & Pain - A Patient's Experience


Question
iv had mine fitted now for nearly 2 years it constantly hurts , yes its slowed the bleeding down but now iv missed the last 2 periods and was wondering what the chances of being pregnant are i had it fitted to treat endometreosis but it was so painfull having it fitted that im to scared to have it removed and been living on pain killers since its been in iv gained loads of weight too back pain has doubled the only good thing that has come out of it is it did slow down the bleeding.
if i am pregnant what happens next

Answer
Dear Debbie,

According to the manufacturer, Mirena may shorten, lighten or even eliminate your periods. After one year of use, there may be up to a 90% reduction in menstrual bleeding, and 20% of Mirena users had no bleeding or spotting at all. Other side effects of Mirena can include:
- Lower abdominal pain (cramping)
- Acne or other skin problems
- Back pain
- Breast tenderness
- Headache
- Mood changes
These side effects are most common during the first three months of use and tend to decrease over time.

More than likely, because the Mirena is typically over 99% effective, your lack of menstrual bleeding is related to the Mirena. If you want to make absolutely sure, go ahead and wait about two weeks and test for pregnancy. Make sure when testing that you are using 1st morning urine to get a concentrated sample for the most accurate results.

When pregnancy does occur with an IUD in place, the IUD is typically removed. This procedure can occasionally induce a miscarriage, but it can be done without any complication whatsoever too. If for some reason the Mirena IUD cannot be removed, there is an increased risk of miscarriage, sepsis, premature labor and premature delivery.

It is important to note that in large clinical trials of Mirena, half of all pregnancies detected during the studies were ectopic. An ectopic pregnancy occurs when the fertilized egg attaches itself in a place other than inside the uterus. Almost all ectopic pregnancies occur in a Fallopian tube - thus, sometimes called tubal pregnancies.

Ectopic pregnancies are diagnosed by your doctor, who will probably first perform a pelvic exam to locate pain, tenderness or a mass in the abdomen and usually will also use an ultrasound to determine whether the uterus contains a developing fetus. The hCG level is also important. An hCG level that is lower than what would be expected is one reason to suspect an ectopic pregnancy. Low levels of progesterone may also indicate that a pregnancy is abnormal.

Symptoms of an ectopic pregnancy would include:
- Vaginal bleeding, heavier or lighter than your normal period
- Gastrointestinal symptoms
- Weakness, dizziness, or fainting
- Sharp or stabbing pain that may come and go and vary in intensity. The pain may be in the pelvis, abdomen or even the shoulder and neck (due to blood from a ruptured ectopic pregnancy gathering up under the diaphragm). This should be reported to your doctor right away.

It will be important for your doctor to confirm whether the pregnancy is located within the uterus as soon as possible.

I hope this information has helped you and answered your question. I wish you well.

Brenda