It means that the design or a specific feature of the jewelry has a patent application in process. The maker is claiming intellectual property protection for something unique about the necklace.
Here's a breakdown of why it's used:
* Indicates an active patent application: The manufacturer has applied for a patent but it hasn't been granted yet.
* Discourages copying: It's a warning to competitors that the design is potentially protected. Even though the patent hasn't been issued, it discourages others from immediately copying the design because there's a risk of future legal action if the patent is granted.
* Doesn't guarantee protection: It's important to remember that "patent pending" doesn't mean the patent will be granted. The application could be rejected.
In short, "pat p" on a pearl necklace suggests that the design, clasp mechanism, or some other aspect of the necklace is considered innovative and the manufacturer is seeking legal protection for it.