Ultrasonic vs. Ionic Cleaners for Jewelry: A Jeweler's Guide

Question
QUESTION: Hi, I am a certified bench jeweler from GIA- i took a few years off after i
graduated to travel and now im trying to set up my own studio in my home.
Im in the process of buying equipment and Im stuck on the ultrasonic
cleaners. There are so many and whats the difference between the ionic and
the ultrasonic? In class I know we used the ultrasonic but Im going to be
using a lot of opals and pearls- i want something I can use on everything.
And can I use a steam cleaner on opals? I don't remember. Thanks- Jessica

ANSWER: Hi Jessica, and thanks for your question.  I am not familiar with the details of ionic cleaners; ultrasonic is the industry standard.  Ionics are sold to consumers and I would venture to guess that they do not clean as well as ultrasonic.  The fact that they are advertised as safe for all stones makes me skeptical.

Definitely don't use steam with opal.  Most stones with liquid or two-phase (liquid and gas) inclusions pose a high risk with ultrasonic or heat of any kind- including steam.  Pearls are particularly delicate because they are porous and they react with many chemicals.  About the only cleaning technique that is safe is mild soap and lukewarm water applied with a soft brush.  Ultrasonic is fine for untreated diamond set in gold, but with colored stones there are so many pitfalls you would do well to avoid it entirely.

Thanks for your question, and please contact me again if you need more information.  Best of luck with your studio!!

David Fortier, GG
Staff Gemologist
Tiptopgem.com

---------- FOLLOW-UP ----------

QUESTION: Thanks so much David for your answer. So would I be ok if I didn't use an
ultrasonic at all? Most of what I will be doing is soldering and setting stones but
all the stones will be colored stones. What about cleaning the metal in between
soldering and after I polish? Thanks

Answer
It's my pleasure Jessica! I'm glad to help. If you look in the dental care section of your local drug store or supermarket you will find all sorts of little brushes, picks, and even devices that use water under pressure to remove bits of debris.  Whether this debris is between your teeth or between prongs on a finding is of little consequence.  

I hope you enjoy building your studio and you find a lot of pleasure in the pieces you turn out.

Take care,

Dave