While evidence of early cosmetic practices exists in other cultures as well (such as the use of ochre in prehistoric times), the Egyptians are credited with developing and using makeup in a more sophisticated and widespread manner, starting around 4000 BCE.
Here's why they're considered the first major makeup users:
* Extensive Evidence: Archaeological digs have unearthed numerous makeup containers, tools, and recipes from ancient Egyptian tombs and settlements.
* Sophisticated Formulations: Egyptians used a variety of materials to create makeup, including minerals, plants, and even insects. They ground these substances and mixed them with oils or water to create creams, powders, and pastes.
* Symbolic and Functional Purposes: Makeup served both aesthetic and practical purposes for Egyptians:
* Cosmetic: To enhance beauty and create a youthful appearance.
* Religious: To honor the gods and goddesses.
* Social Status: To indicate wealth and status.
* Health: To protect the skin from the sun and the eyes from infection.
* Iconic Styles: The Egyptians developed distinctive makeup styles, such as the use of kohl eyeliner to accentuate the eyes, which became an iconic symbol of Egyptian beauty.
Therefore, although other cultures may have used rudimentary forms of body paint or adornment earlier, the ancient Egyptians are widely recognized as the pioneers of makeup as we understand it, due to the volume of evidence, sophistication of their products, and the multifaceted purposes for which they used cosmetics.