1. For Permanent Colour (Long-lasting colour that can lift and deposit):
* Colourant/Hair Dye: This is the main product that will change your hair colour. Choose one that matches your desired shade and is suitable for your hair type. Options include:
* Permanent Hair Colour: Provides the most long-lasting results and can lift the hair's natural pigment.
* Demi-Permanent Hair Colour: Lasts for about 24-28 washes. It's great for blending grey hairs and adding shine but does not lift the hair colour.
* Developer/Oxidant: This is a hydrogen peroxide solution that activates the colour molecules in the dye and helps them penetrate the hair shaft. It's crucial to use the correct volume developer as recommended by the dye manufacturer. Higher volumes lift more but can be more damaging. Common volumes include:
* 10 Volume (3%): For depositing colour only, minimal lift.
* 20 Volume (6%): Slight lift, depositing colour, covering grey.
* 30 Volume (9%): More lift, for going lighter by a level or two.
* 40 Volume (12%): Maximum lift, should only be used by professionals as it can cause damage.
* Applicator Brush and Bowl: For mixing and applying the colour evenly.
* Gloves: To protect your hands from the dye.
* Hair Clips: To section the hair for easier application.
* Old Towel: To protect your clothing from stains.
* Barrier Cream: Such as petroleum jelly, to apply around your hairline and ears to prevent staining the skin.
* Colour-Safe Shampoo and Conditioner: To use after rinsing the dye to help lock in the colour and maintain the health of your hair.
* Optional: Colour Remover: If you have existing colour that you want to remove before applying the new colour. Important to use carefully as it can be damaging.
2. For Semi-Permanent Colour (Deposits colour, washes out gradually):
* Semi-Permanent Hair Colour: This type of dye does not require a developer. It coats the hair shaft and fades with each wash. It's a good option for experimenting with colour or adding a temporary tint.
* Applicator Brush/Bottle (if needed, depending on the product): Some come in applicator bottles.
* Gloves: To protect your hands.
* Old Towel: To protect your clothing.
* Barrier Cream: To protect your skin from staining.
* Colour-Safe Shampoo and Conditioner: To help prolong the colour.
3. For Bleaching (Lightening your hair):
* Bleach Powder/Cream: This contains ingredients that break down the melanin in your hair, lightening it.
* Developer: Just like with permanent colour, you need a developer to activate the bleach. The volume depends on how much lift you need and the health of your hair. Lower volumes are less damaging but provide less lift.
* Applicator Brush and Bowl: For mixing and applying the bleach.
* Gloves: Essential for protection.
* Hair Clips: To section the hair.
* Old Towel: To protect your clothing.
* Barrier Cream: To protect your skin.
* Toner (Optional): After bleaching, your hair may have unwanted yellow or orange tones. A toner neutralizes these tones to achieve your desired blonde shade. Toners usually need a low-volume developer (10 volume).
* Deep Conditioner/Hair Mask: Bleaching can be very drying, so a deep conditioning treatment is crucial to restore moisture and strength to your hair.
* Purple Shampoo and Conditioner (Optional): To maintain blonde hair and prevent brassiness over time.
Important Considerations & Steps Before Colouring:
* Strand Test: *Always* do a strand test before applying any dye or bleach to your entire head. This will help you see how the colour will turn out and check for any allergic reactions or damage.
* Skin Sensitivity Test: Apply a small amount of the dye or bleach to a small area of your skin (e.g., behind your ear) 48 hours before dyeing your hair to check for allergies.
* Read the Instructions: Carefully read and follow the manufacturer's instructions on all products.
* Assess Hair Health: If your hair is already damaged or over-processed, it's best to consult a professional stylist before attempting any colour changes.
* Choose the Right Shade: Consider your natural hair colour and skin tone when selecting a colour.
* Protect Your Work Area: Cover surfaces with old newspapers or plastic sheeting to prevent stains.
* Timing: Follow the recommended processing time on the product instructions precisely. Over-processing can damage your hair.
* Rinse Thoroughly: Rinse your hair thoroughly with cool water until the water runs clear.
Safety Precautions:
* Always wear gloves.
* Avoid getting dye or bleach in your eyes. If this happens, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
* Do not use dye or bleach on your eyebrows or eyelashes.
* Keep products out of reach of children.
* Do not mix different dye brands or products together unless specifically instructed.
* If you experience any burning, itching, or swelling during the process, rinse immediately and seek medical attention.
Professional Consultation:
For significant colour changes, especially if you're going from dark to light, it's always recommended to consult a professional hair stylist. They can assess your hair's condition, recommend the best products and techniques, and help you achieve your desired colour without damaging your hair. They can also advise on the most appropriate developer volume to use.