* The Chemistry of Perming: Perming involves two main steps:
1. Breaking Disulfide Bonds: The perming solution (containing a reducing agent like ammonium thioglycolate) breaks the disulfide bonds in the hair's protein structure (keratin). These bonds are what give hair its natural shape.
2. Reforming Disulfide Bonds: The hair is then put on perm rods to create a new shape. Neutralizer (usually hydrogen peroxide) is applied to oxidize and rebuild the disulfide bonds in their new configuration. This "locks in" the curl or wave.
* The Role of Neutralizer: Without neutralizer, the hair would:
* Remain Weak and Damaged: The disulfide bonds would remain broken, leaving the hair extremely weak, elastic, and prone to breakage.
* Not Hold the Curl: The new shape created by the perm rods would not be permanent. The hair would likely revert to its original shape or become a frizzy, undefined mess.
* Continue to be Affected by the Perming Solution: The perming solution would continue to act on the hair, potentially causing further damage and even chemical burns to the scalp.
* Have an Unpleasant Odor: The perming solution can leave an unpleasant smell. The neutralizing step helps to remove the odor.
* Neutralizer is Not Shampoo: While some neutralizers may have cleansing properties, their primary function is to oxidize and re-establish disulfide bonds. They are not interchangeable with regular shampoo.
In summary, skipping the neutralizer is not an option. It's a fundamental step in perming, essential for setting the curl, preventing damage, and ensuring the health and appearance of the hair.