* Aluminum oxide: A common and effective abrasive.
* Silica: Another frequently used abrasive.
* Pumice: A natural volcanic glass.
* Diamond powder: Used in higher-end buffing pastes for a very fine and effective polish.
* Calcium carbonate: A softer abrasive, often used for a gentler buffing action.
In addition to the abrasive powder, buffing pastes also contain:
* Binder: To hold the abrasive particles together and give the paste its consistency (e.g., waxes, oils, silicones).
* Moisturizers/Conditioners: To help hydrate the nail plate and prevent damage (e.g., lanolin, glycerin, vitamins).
* Colorants: To give the paste a specific color.
So, while the specific type of abrasive powder can vary, the common and "main" ingredient is a very fine abrasive powder designed to smooth and polish the nail surface.