1. Cleanse & Sanitize: This step removes any surface oils, debris, and contaminants to provide a clean base for adhesion. This typically involves washing hands, using a nail brush to clean under the nails, and applying a nail antiseptic or dehydrator.
2. Shape & Refine: This step involves shaping the nails to the desired length and form (e.g., square, oval, almond) using a file. The nail surface is also buffed to remove shine and create a slightly rough texture, which enhances adhesion.
3. Prep the Cuticle: This step prepares the cuticle area by gently pushing back the cuticles and removing any dead skin or pterygium (the thin layer of skin attached to the nail plate). Some technicians use a cuticle remover to soften the cuticles beforehand. Care is taken not to damage or over-manipulate the cuticle, as this can lead to infection.